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We show that the issue of the drag exerted by an incompressible fluid on abody in uniform motion has played a major role in the early development offluid dynamics. In 1745 Euler came close, technically, to proving the vanishingof the drag for a body of arbitrary shape; for this he exploited andsignificantly extended existing ideas on decomposing the flow into thinfillets; he did not however have a correct picture of the global structure ofthe flow around a body. Borda in 1766 showed that the principle of live forcesimplied the vanishing of the drag and should thus be inapplicable to theproblem. After having at first refused the possibility of a vanishing drag,d'Alembert in 1768 established the paradox, but only for bodies with ahead-tail symmetry. A full understanding of the paradox, as due to the neglectof viscous forces, had to wait until the work of Saint-Venant in 1846.

Genesis of d'Alembert's paradox and analytical elaboration of the drag problem