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In order to clarify the origin of anomalous superconductivity in(Ca,RE)Fe2As2 system, Pr doped and Pr,Co co-doped CaFe2As2 single crystals weregrown by the FeAs flux method. These samples showed two-step superconductingtransition with Tc1 = 25~42 K, and Tc2 < 16 K, suggesting that (Ca,RE)Fe2As2system has two superconducting components. Post-annealing performed for thesecrystals in evacuated quartz ampoules at various temperatures revealed thatpost-annealing at ~400{\deg}C increased the c-axis length for all samples. Thisindicates that as-grown crystals have a certain level of strain, which isreleased by post-annealing at ~400{\deg}C. Superconducting properties alsochanged dramatically by post-annealing. After annealing at 400{\deg}C, some ofthe co-doped samples showed large superconducting volume fraction correspondingto the perfect diamagnetism below Tc2 and high Jc values of 104~105 Acm-2 at 2K in low field, indicating the bulk superconductivity of (Ca,RE)Fe2As2 phaseoccurred below Tc2. On the contrary, the superconducting volume fraction aboveTc2 was always very small, suggesting that 40 K-class superconductivityobserved in this system is originating in the local superconductivity in thecrystal.

Effects of post-annealing and cobalt co-doping on superconducting properties of (Ca,Pr)Fe2As2 single crystals