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Synchronization plays a key role in information processing in neuronalnetworks. Response of specific groups of neurons are triggered by externalstimuli, such as visual, tactile or olfactory inputs. Neurons, however, can bedivided into several categories, such as by physical location, functional roleor topological clustering properties. Here we study the response of theelectric junction C. elegans network to external stimuli using the partiallyforced Kuramoto model and applying the force to specific groups of neurons.Stimuli were applied to topological modules, obtained by the ModuLandprocedure, to a ganglion, specified by its anatomical localization, and to thefunctional group composed of all sensory neurons. We found that topologicalmodules do not contain purely anatomical groups or functional classes,corroborating previous results, and that stimulating different classes ofneurons lead to very different responses, measured in terms of synchronizationand phase velocity correlations. In all cases, however, the modular structurehindered full synchronization, protecting the system from seizures. Moreimportantly, the responses to stimuli applied to topological and functionalmodules showed pronounced patterns of correlation or anti-correlation withother modules that were not observed when the stimulus was applied to ganglia.

Modular structure in C. elegans neural network and its response to external localized stimuli