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Double-diffusive convection driven by both thermal and compositional buoyancyin a rotating cylindrical annulus with conical caps is considered with the aimto establish whether a small fraction of compositional buoyancy added to thethermal buoyancy (or vice versa) can significantly reduce the critical Rayleighnumber and amplify convection in planetary cores. It is shown that the neutralsurface describing the onset of convection in the double-buoyancy case isessentially different from that of the well-studied purely thermal case, anddoes indeed allow the possibility of low-Rayleigh number convection. Inparticular, isolated islands of instability are formed by an additional"double-diffusive" eigenmode in certain regions of the parameter space.However, the amplitude of such low-Rayleigh number convection is relativelyweak. At similar flow amplitudes purely compositional and double-diffusivecases are characterized by a stronger time dependence compared to purelythermal cases, and by a prograde mean zonal flow near the inner cylindricalsurface. Implications of the results for planetary core convection are brieflydiscussed.

Double-diffusive convection in a rotating cylindrical annulus with conical caps