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The baryon electromagnetic form factors are expressed in terms oftwo-dimensional densities describing the distribution of charge andmagnetization in transverse space at fixed light-front time. We calculate thetransverse densities of the spin-1/2 flavor-octet baryons at peripheraldistances b = O(M_\pi^{-1}) using methods of relativistic chiral effectivefield theory (\chi EFT) and dispersion analysis. The densities are representedas dispersive integrals over the imaginary parts of the form factors in thetimelike region (spectral functions). The isovector spectral functions on thetwo-pion cut t > 4 M_\pi^2 are calculated using relativistic \chi EFT includingoctet and decuplet baryons. The \chi EFT calculations are extended into the\rho meson mass region using an N/D method that incorporates the pionelectromagnetic form factor data. The isoscalar spectral functions are modeledby vector meson poles. We compute the peripheral charge and magnetizationdensities in the octet baryon states, estimate the uncertainties, and determinethe quark flavor decomposition. The approach can be extended to baryon formfactors of other operators and the moments of generalized parton distributions.

Peripheral transverse densities of the baryon octet from chiral effective field theory and dispersion analysis