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The description of the hadron production at very forward rapidities and lowtransverse momentum is usually made using phenomenological models based onnonperturbative physics. However, at high energies and large rapidities thewave function of one of the projectiles is probed at very small Bjorken $x$,being characterized by a large number of gluons. In this kinematical regime, anew state of matter - the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) - is expected to beformed. One the main characteristics of such system is the presence of a newdynamical momentum scale, the saturation scale $Q_s$, which can assume valuesvery larger than the QCD confinement scale $\Lambda_{QCD}$ and give the scaleof the running coupling constant. In this paper we assume that in particularkinematical region probed by LHC forward (LHCf) experiment the saturation scalecan be considered the hard momentum scale present in the process and calculatethe forward neutral pion production at very low-$p_T$ using a perturbativeapproach. We demonstrate that the CGC formalism is able to successfullydescribe the LHCf data, which can be considered as a compelling indication ofthe presence of non-linear QCD effects at LHC energies.

Probing the Color Glass Condensate in $pp$ collisions at forward rapidities and very low transverse momenta