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A windowless hydrogen gas target of nominal thickness $10^{19}$ cm$^{-2}$ isan essential component of the DarkLight experiment, which is designed toutilize the megawatt electron beam at an Energy Recovery Linac (ERL). Thedesign of such a target is challenging because the pressure drops by manyorders of magnitude between the central, high-density section of the target andthe surrounding beamline, resulting in laminar, transitional, and finallymolecular flow regimes. The target system was assembled and operated atJefferson Lab's Low Energy Recirculator Facility (LERF) in 2016, andsubsequently underwent several revisions and calibration tests at MIT Bates in2017. The system at dynamic equilibrium was simulated in COMSOL to provide abetter understanding of its optimal operation at other working points. We havedetermined that a windowless gas target with sufficiently high density forDarkLight's experimental needs is feasible in an ERL environment.

Design and Operation of a Windowless Gas Target Internal to a Solenoidal Magnet for Use with a Megawatt Electron Beam