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A new code has been developed named RAINIER that simulates the $\gamma$-raydecay of discrete and quasi-continuum nuclear levels for a user-specified rangeof energy, angular momentum, and parity including a realistic treatment oflevel spacing and transition width fluctuations. A similar program, DICEBOX,uses the Monte Carlo method to simulate level and width fluctuations but isrestricted to $\gamma$-ray decay from no more than two initial states such asde-excitation following thermal neutron capture. On the other hand, modernreaction codes such as TALYS and EMPIRE populate a wide range of states in theresidual nucleus prior to $\gamma$-ray decay, but do not go beyond the use ofdeterministic functions and therefore neglect cascade fluctuations. Thiscombination of capabilities allows RAINIER to be used to determinequasi-continuum properties through comparison with experimental data. Severalexamples are given that demonstrate how cascade fluctuations influenceexperimental high-resolution $\gamma$-ray spectra from reactions that populatea wide range of initial states.

RAINIER: A Simulation Tool for Distributions of Excited Nuclear States and Cascade Fluctuations