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India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) is a multi-institutional facility,planned to be built up in South India. The INO facility will host a 51 ktonmagnetized Iron CALorimeter (ICAL) detector to study atmospheric muonneutrinos. Iron plates have been chosen as the target material whereasResistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) have been chosen as the active detector elementfor the ICAL experiment. Due to the large number of RPCs needed ($\sim$ 28,000of $2~m \times 2~m$ in size) for ICAL experiment and for the long lifetime ofthe experiment, it is necessary to perform a detailed $R\&D$ such that each andevery parameter of the detector performance can be optimized to improve thephysics output. In this paper, we report on the detailed material andelectrical properties studies for various types of glass electrodes availablelocally. We also report on the performance studies carried out on the RPCs madewith these electrodes as well as the effect of gas composition andenvironmental temperature on the detector performance. We also lay emphasis onthe usage of materials for RPC electrodes and the suitable enviormentalconditions applicable for operating the RPC detector for optimal physics outputat INO-ICAL experiment.

Characterization of 3 mm Glass Electrodes and Development of RPC Detectors for $INO-ICAL$ Experiment