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Recent successful lasing of the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) in thehard x-ray regime and the experimental demonstration of a possibility toproduce low-charge bunches with ultra-small normalized emittance have lead tothe discussions on optimistic scenarios of operation of the European XFEL. Inthis paper we consider new options that make use of low-emittance beams, arelatively high beam energy, tunable-gap undulators, and a multi-bunchcapability of this facility. We study the possibility of operation of aspontaneous radiator (combining two of them, U1 and U2, in one beamline) in theSASE mode in the designed photon energy range 20-90 keV and show that itbecomes possible with ultra-low emittance electron beams similar to thosegenerated in LCLS. As an additional attractive option we consider thegeneration of powerful soft x-ray and VUV radiation by the same electron bunchfor pump-probe experiments, making use of recently invented compact afterburnerscheme. We also propose a betatron switcher as a simple, cheap, and robustsolution for multi-color operation of SASE1 and SASE2 undulators, allowing togenerate 2 to 5 x-ray beams of different independent colors from each of theseundulators for simultaneous multi-user operation. We describe a scheme forpump-probe experiments, based on a production of two different colors by twoclosely spaced electron bunches (produced in photoinjector) with the help of avery fast betatron switcher. Finally, we discuss how without significantmodifications of the layout the European XFEL can become a unique facility thatcontinuously covers with powerful, coherent radiation a part of theelectromagnetic spectrum from far infrared to gamma-rays.

Possible operation of the European XFEL with ultra-low emittance beams