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Packet routing in nanonetworks requires novel approaches, which can cope withthe extreme limitations posed by the nano-scale. Highly lossy wirelesschannels, extremely limited hardware capabilities and non-unique nodeidentifiers are among the restrictions. The present work offers an addressingand routing solution for static 3D nanonetworks that find applications inmaterial monitoring and programmatic property tuning. The addressing processrelies on virtual coordinates from multiple, alternative anchor point sets thatact as \emph{viewports}. Each viewport offers different address granularitywithin the network space, and its selection is optimized by a packet sendingnode using a novel heuristic. Regarding routing, each node can deduce whetherit is located on the linear segment connecting the sender to the recipientnode. This deduction is made using integer calculations, node-local informationand in a stateless manner, minimizing the computational and storage overhead ofthe proposed scheme. Most importantly, the nodes can regulate the width of thelinear path, thus trading energy efficiency (redundant transmissions) forincreased path diversity. This trait can enable future adaptive routingschemes. Extensive evaluation via simulations highlights the advantages of thenovel scheme over related approaches.

Packet Routing in 3D Nanonetworks: A Lightweight, Linear-path Scheme