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Results: Comparing the time of surgery (DS: 10.8 min. vs AD: 9.8 min.) and the quality of the defect regarding the diameter and the circularity of the osteotomies, no significant difference could be seen between the two techniques. However, due to the fact that AD disengages automatically the drilling process as soon as it does not encounter anymore resistance, the underlying dura mater integrity was shown to be significantly improved compared to DS (Fig. 1C). Another major advantage was the absence of heat produced during the drilling (no irrigation was used), whereas high temperatures were recorded during DS utilization (up to 46oC) which could potentially damage bone and peripheral tissues (Fig. 1D). Discussion and Conclusion: The current state of the art method for cranial osteotomy is a trephine and burr. As shown in this study, the risk of damaging the dura mater using this method is relatively high. Several studies have shown that DM is critical in calvarial re-ossification by providing cellular element such as osteoblasts and growth factors [1], and impairing DM results in altered bone regeneration. Consequently, the use of a new device enables to create reproducible calvarial defects in a satisfying surgical time with minimal effect of the surrounding tissues would be of major interest. In this investigation, we demonstrated that the use of Anspach high speed handheld drill is a safe, efficient, precise and fast method for creating circular defects in rabbit cranium. References [1] Gosain AK et al. Osteogenesis in calvarial defects: contribution of the dura, the pericranium, and the surrounding bone in adult versus infant animals. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003;112:515e27. Funding/support: NSFC-DG-RTD Joint Scheme (Project No. 51361130034), the European Union’s 7th Framework Program under grant agreement n NMP3-SL-2013604517 and DepuySynthes.

Combination of bone graft and BMP-2 in preventing complications after femoral neck fracture in non-elderly people