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A recent proof-of-principle study proposes an energy- and charge-conserving,nonlinearly implicit electrostatic particle-in-cell (PIC) algorithm in onedimension [Chen et al, J. Comput. Phys., 230 (2011) 7018]. The algorithm in thereference employs an unpreconditioned Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov method, whichensures nonlinear convergence at every timestep (resolving the dynamicaltimescale of interest). Kinetic enslavement, which is one key component of thealgorithm, not only enables fully implicit PIC a practical approach, but alsoallows preconditioning the kinetic solver with a fluid approximation. Thisstudy proposes such a preconditioner, in which the linearized moment equationsare closed with moments computed from particles. Effective acceleration of thelinear GMRES solve is demonstrated, on both uniform and non-uniform meshes. Thealgorithm performance is largely insensitive to the electron-ion mass ratio.Numerical experiments are performed on a 1D multi-scale ion acoustic wave testproblem.

Fluid preconditioning for Newton-Krylov-based, fully implicit, electrostatic particle-in-cell simulations