English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

The topology of the electrical distribution systems is somehow similar to the topology of leaves as a natural optimal system. The leaves having internal loops (ILs) are more reliable than ones having radial structure. In this paper, a novel approach using ILs is proposed to optimize the distribution systems reliability. As using ILs in electrical distribution system improves the system reliability and requires additional costs, a cost-benefit analysis is necessary. Using a novel way such as ILs to improve the power grid reliability in compare to conventional approaches is one contribution of this paper. Considering the economic effects in addition to technical aspects is another advantage of the proposed method. In this paper, the cost of energy not-supplied (CENS) reduction is used to investigate the benefits of ILs that simplifies and reduces the computations regarding the system CENS without ILs and through using them. The introduced objective function (OF) consists of the saved cost due to reduction of CENS and also the additional investment of using ILs. The method is applied to a realistic 34-bus system of Tehran Regional Electrical Company (TREC). The genetic algorithm (GA) is used to solve the optimization problem. The test results illustrate by reasonable investment for ILs according to an optimum solution, the considerable reliability improvement and economic benefits are achievable

Reliability optimization of electrical distribution systems using internal loops to minimize energy not-supplied (ENS)