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One of the greatest needs in modern ophthalmology is access to the eyechoroid in vivo. Without it, it is difficult to introduce new therapies and tounderstand most of the pathological changes in the eye, because of the totalblood flow in the eye is caused by the choroidal circulation. It is entirelyresponsible for the metabolism of photoreceptors, which each of us feels everyday and senses when its deficits begin. Optical selection of choroid andchoriocapillaris by currently used imaging techniques such as indocyanineangiography, scanning laser ophthalmoscopy or optical coherence tomography(OCT) is limited by insufficient lateral resolution, depth of penetration andthe presence of strong light scattering effects. Here we report aSpatio-Temporal Optical Coherence Tomography (STOC-T) that maintainsmicroscopic quality of in vivo reconstructions of anatomical layers whenimaging chorioretinal cross-sections in a coronal anatomic plane. STOC-Tperforms high definition volumetric imaging in all projections, enablingreconstruction of anatomical details of the retinal and choroidal layers withunprecedented quality by using an extra phase randomization for low spatialcoherence. We also demonstrate that STOC-T can detect blood flow and revealvascular networks in various chorioretinal layers that are otherwise invisibleto OCT. This capability highlights the unique value of STOC-T angiography.These technical advances enable acquisition of detailed choroidal structures,such as Satller layer and choriocapillaris, that are usually buried behindspeckle noise and blurred by eye motion artifacts in conventional OCT. Byimaging the retina and choroid with high contrast, we were able to performdetailed morphometric analysis, which is the basis for the anticipated clinicalutility of the method in monitoring disease progression and therapeuticresponses of the eye.

Spatio-Temporal Optical Coherence Tomography provides advanced imaging of the human retina and choroid