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Current engineering wear models are often based on empirical parametersrather than built upon physical considerations. Here, we look for a physicaldescription of adhesive wear at the microscale, at which the interactionbetween two surfaces comes down to the contact of asperities. Recenttheoretical work has shown that there is a critical micro-contact size abovewhich it becomes energetically favorable to form a wear particle. We extendthis model by taking into consideration the elastic interaction of multipleclosely-spaced micro-contacts in 2D, with different sizes and separationdistances. Fundamental contact mechanics solutions are used to evaluate theelastic energy stored by shearing the micro-contacts, and the stored energy iscompared to the energy needed to detach a single joined debris particle ormultiple debris particles under the micro-contacts. Molecular dynamicssimulations are used to test the predictions of the outcome for various sets ofparameters. Our model provides simple criteria to evaluate the energeticfeasibility of the different wear formation scenarios. Those criteria can beused to rationalize the transition between mild and severe wear regimes andhelp define the notion of asperity.

Adhesive wear and interaction of tangentially loaded micro-contacts