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Integration of smart grid technologies in distribution systems, particularlybehind-the-meter initiatives, has a direct impact on transmission networkplanning. This paper develops a coordinated expansion planning of transmissionand active distribution systems via a stochastic multistage mathematicalprogramming model. In the transmission level, in addition to lines, sitting andsizing of utility-scale battery energy storage systems and wind power plantsunder renewable portfolio standard policy are planned. Switchable feeders anddistributed generations are decision variables in the distribution level whilethe impact of demand response programs as a sort of behind-the-metertechnologies is accommodated as well. Expansion of electric vehicle taxicharging stations is included as a feasible option in both transmission anddistribution levels. In order to deal with short-term uncertainty of loaddemand, renewable energy sources output power, and the charging pattern ofelectric vehicle taxis in each station, a chronological time-period clusteringalgorithm along with Monte Carlo simulation is utilized. The proposed model istackled by means of Benders Dual Decomposition (BDD) method. The IEEE RTS testsystem (as the transmission system) along with four IEEE 33-node test feeders(as distribution test systems) are examined to validate effectiveness of theproposed model.

Coordinated Expansion Planning of Transmission and Distribution Systems Integrated with Smart Grid Technologies