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In this paper we show that Sun-viewing images obtained by the Mars ScienceLaboratory (MSL) Navigation Cameras (Navcam) can be used for retrieving thedust optical depth and constrain the aerosol physical properties at Gale Craterby evaluating the sky brightness as a function of the scattering angle. We haveused 65 Sun-pointing images covering a period of almost three Martian years,from MSL mission sol 21 to sol 1646 (MY 31 to 33). Radiometric calibration andgeometric reduction were performed on MSL Navcam raw image data records toprovide the observed sky radiance as a function of the scattering angle for thenear-Sun region (scattering angle from 4{\deg} to 30{\deg}). These curves werefitted with a multiple scattering radiative transfer model for a plane-parallelMartian atmosphere model using the discrete ordinates method. Modelled skybrightness curves were generated as a function of two parameters: the aerosolparticle size distribution effective radius and the dust column optical depthat the surface. A retrieval scheme was implemented for deriving the parametersthat generated the best fitting curve under a least-square error criterion. Theobtained results present a good agreement with previous work, showing theseasonal dependence of both dust column optical depth and the effectiveparticleradius.

Dust particle size and optical depth on Mars retrieved by the MSL Navigation Cameras