English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Open

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Insights

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Zendy Tools

Zendy Plus

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Observations of Uranus were made on the 8/9th November with HST/WFC3 at atime when a huge cloud complex was present at 30 - 40N. We imaged Uranus inseven filters spanning 467 - 924 nm, and analysed these observations with theNEMESIS radiative-transfer and retrieval code.  The same system was also observed in the H-band with VLT/SINFONI ON 31stOctober and 11th November (Irwin et al., 2016). To constrain the backgroundcloud particle sizes and scattering properties we conducted a limb-darkeninganalysis of the background cloud structure at 30-40N by simultaneously fitting:a) these HST/OPAL observations at a range of zenith angles; b) the VLT/SINFONIobservations at a range of zenith angles; and c) IRTF/SpeX observations made in2009 (Irwin et al., 2015).  We find that the observations are well modelled with a three-component cloudcomprised of: 1) a vertically thin, but optically thick 'deep' troposphericcloud at a pressure of ~2 bars; 2) a methane-ice cloud at themethane-condensation level with variable vertical extent; and 3) a verticallyextended tropospheric haze. We find that the particles sizes in both haze andtropospheric cloud have an effective radius of ~0.1 micron, although we cannotrule out larger particle sizes in the tropospheric cloud.  We find that the particles in both the tropospheric cloud and haze are morescattering at short wavelengths, giving them a blue colour, but are moreabsorbing at longer wavelengths, especially for the tropospheric haze. For theparticles in the storm clouds, which we assume to be composed of methane iceparticles, we find that their mean radii must be ~0.5 micron. We find that thehigh clouds have low integrated opacity, and that "streamers" reminiscent ofthunderstorm anvils are confined to levels deeper than 1 bar. These resultsargue against vigorous moist convective origins for the cloud features.

HST/WFC3 Observations of Uranus' 2014 storm clouds and comparison with VLT/SINFONI and IRTF/SpeX observations