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We imaged Uranus in the near infrared from 2012 into 2014, using theKeck/NIRC2 camera and Gemini/NIRI camera, both with adaptive optics. Weobtained exceptional signal to noise ratios by averaging 8-16 individualexposures in a planet-fixed coordinate system. noise-reduced images revealedmany low-contrast discrete features and large scale cloud patterns not seenbefore, including scalloped waveforms just south of the equator. In all threeyears numerous small (600-700 km wide) and mainly bright discrete features wereseen within the north polar region (north of about 55\deg N). Over 850 windmeasurements were made, the vast majority of which were in the northernhemisphere. These revealed an extended region of solid body rotation between62\deg N and at least 83\deg N, at a rate of 4.08$\pm0.015$\deg/h westwardrelative to the planet's interior (radio) rotation of 20.88\deg/h westward.Near-equatorial speeds measured with high accuracy give different results forwaves and small discrete features, with eastward drift rates of 0.4\deg/h and0.1\deg/h respectively. The region of polar solid body rotation is a closematch to the region of small-scale polar cloud features, suggesting a dynamicalrelationship. While winds at high southern latitudes (50\deg S - 90\deg S) areunconstrained by groundbased observations, a recent reanalysis of 1986 Voyager2 observations by Karkoschka (2015, Icarus 250, 294-307) has revealed anextremely large north-south asymmetry in this region, which might be seasonal.Greatly increased activity was seen in 2014, including the brightest everfeature seen in K' images (de Pater et al. 2015, Icarus 252, 121-128). Over the2012-2014 period we identified six persistent discrete features. Three weretracked for more than two years, two more for more than one year, and one forat least 5 months and continuing.

High S/N Keck and Gemini AO imaging of Uranus during 2012-2014: New cloud patterns, increasing activity, and improved wind measurements