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Saturn's main rings exhibit variations in both their opacity and spectralproperties on a broad range of spatial scales, and the correlations betweenthese parameters can provide insights into the processes that shape thecomposition and dynamics of the rings. The Visual and Infrared MappingSpectrometer (VIMS) instrument onboard the Cassini Spacecraft has obtainedspectra of the rings between 0.35 and 5.2 microns with sufficient spatialresolution to discern variations on scales below 200 km. These relativelyhigh-resolution spectral data reveal that both the depths of the near-infraredwater-ice absorption bands and the visible spectral slopes are often correlatedwith structural parameters such as the rings' optical depth. Using a simplifiedmodel for the ring-particles' regolith properties, we have begun to disentanglethe trends due to changes in the gross composition of the ring particles fromthose that may be due to shifts in the texture of the ring particles' regolith.Consistent with previous studies, this analysis finds that the C ring and theCassini Division possess enhanced concentrations of a contaminant that absorbslight over a broad range of wavelengths. On the other hand, a secondcontaminant that preferentially absorbs at short visible and near-ultravioletwavelengths is found to be more evenly distributed throughout the rings. Theoptical activity of this short-wavelength absorber increases in the inner Bring inwards of 100,000 km from Saturn center, which may provide clues to theorigin of this contaminant. The spectral variations identified as shifts in theregolith texture are in some places clearly correlated with the ring's opticaldepth, and in other locations they appear to be associated with thedisturbances generated by strong mean-motion resonances with Saturn's variousmoons.

Connections between Spectra and Structure in Saturn's Main Rings Based on Cassini VIMS Data