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We report on studies of the viability and sensitivity of the Askaryan RadioArray (ARA), a new initiative to develop a Teraton-scale ultra-high energyneutrino detector in deep, radio-transparent ice near Amundsen-Scott station atthe South Pole. An initial prototype ARA detector system was installed inJanuary 2011, and has been operating continuously since then. We report onstudies of the background radio noise levels, the radio clarity of the ice, andthe estimated sensitivity of the planned ARA array given these results, basedon the first five months of operation. Anthropogenic radio interference in thevicinity of the South Pole currently leads to a few-percent loss of data, butno overall effect on the background noise levels, which are dominated by thethermal noise floor of the cold polar ice, and galactic noise at lowerfrequencies. We have also successfully detected signals originating from a 2.5km deep impulse generator at a distance of over 3 km from our prototypedetector, confirming prior estimates of kilometer-scale attenuation lengths forcold polar ice. These are also the first such measurements for propagation oversuch large slant distances in ice. Based on these data, ARA-37, the 200 km^2array now under construction, will achieve the highest sensitivity of anyplanned or existing neutrino detector in the 10^{16}-10^{19} eV energy range.

Design and Initial Performance of the Askaryan Radio Array Prototype EeV Neutrino Detector at the South Pole