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Phase reddening is an effect that produces an increase of the spectral slopeand variations in the strength of the absorption bands as the phase angleincreases. In order to understand its effect on spectroscopic observations ofasteroids, we have analyzed the visible and near-infrared spectra (0.45-2.5 \mum) of 12 near-Earth asteroids observed at different phase angles. All theseasteroids are classified as either S-complex or Q-type asteroids. In addition,we have acquired laboratory spectra of three different types of ordinarychondrites at phase angles ranging from 13\degree to 120\degree. We have foundthat both asteroid and meteorite spectra show an increase in band depths withincreasing phase angle. The spectral slope of the ordinary chondrites spectrashows a significant increase with increasing phase angle for g > 30\degree.Variations in band centers and band area ratio (BAR) values were also found,however they seems to have no significant impact on the mineralogical analysis.Our study showed that the increase in spectral slope caused by phase reddeningis comparable to certain degree of space weathering. In particular, an increasein phase angle in the range of 30\degree to 120\degree will produce a reddeningof the reflectance spectra equivalent to exposure times of ~ 0.1x10^6 to1.3x10^6 years at about 1 AU from the Sun. Furthermore, we found that undersome circumstances phase reddening could lead to an ambiguous taxonomicclassification of asteroids.

Phase reddening on near-Earth asteroids: Implications for mineralogical analysis, space weathering and taxonomic classification