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Urban areas are known for their complex atmospheric environments, with thebuilding morphology having a significant impact on local climate patterns, airquality, and overall urban microclimate. Understanding the heat transport andfluid flow in complex urban environments is crucial for improving urban climateresilience, which remains an open frontier in the field of urban studies. Togain a more profound insight into the physical processes occurring in urbanareas, particularly within street canyons, we conducted an experimentalinvestigation in a large-scale water tunnel. This study involved thesimultaneous examination of heat and flow fields, carried out at high spatialand temporal resolutions, utilizing Laser-induced Fluorescence (LIF) for heatanalysis and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) for flow analysis. Our results ofheat and flow in different street canyons indicate that the flow issignificantly influenced by a combination of factors, including canyonconfiguration, the presence of buoyant force, and the magnitude of theapproaching flow. The ventilation rate and heat flux from the street canyon,which are key factors shaping the urban microclimate, are found dominatedsignificantly by the street canyon morphology. For instance, changing theaspect ratio of a street canyon results in a significant change of airventilation rate, ranging from as low as 0.02 to as high as 1.5 under the sameflow conditions. Additionally, canyons with high air ventilation rates exhibitsignificant heat flux removal at the canyon roof level, which is accuratelydescribed by the local Richardson number.

Impact of street canyon morphology on heat and fluid flow-an experimental water tunnel study using simultaneous PIV-LIF technique