Urinothorax causing massive left side pleural effusion in a young lady; case report and literature review

Urinothorax is the presence of the urine in the pleural space. This condition is very rare and occurs due to unrelieved obstruction of urinary flow. A 20-year-old female presented 7 days after cesarean section with tachypnea, and generalized abdominal pain. There was absent air entry over the left hemithorax. CT scan showed massive left pleural effusion and a stone obstructing the renal pelvis with hydronephrosis and peri-renal collection. The pleural fluid had high fluid creatinine level suggesting urine collection. Ureteroscopy done and double J catheter inserted. The effusion became loculated, thoracotomy and pleural decortication done.