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Microfluidic fuel cells (MFCs) are microfluidic electrochemical conversiondevices that are used to power small pieces of electrical equipment. Theirperformance relies on the improvement of the mass transfer of the reactants atthe electrode interface. {In this work, a MFC is developed to implement a novelimaging technique that allows the measurement of reactant concentration fields,featuring formic acid as the fuel and potassium permanganate as the oxidant.The concentration fields were imaged } based on transmitted visiblespectroscopy, which links the light intensity passing through the MFC to itslocal reactant concentration. {An analytical model was developed to estimatethe mass diffusivity and kinetic reaction rate coefficient. For the first time,mass transport and transfer coefficient were simultaneously measured duringoperation. These parameters estimated using the proposed technique can beimplemented in a numerical model to predict the MFC performance andconcentration distribution. This work paves the way toward advanced imagingtools for operando mass transfer characterizations in microfluidics and Tafelkinetic characterization in many electrochemical devices.

Imaging concentration fields in microfluidic fuel cells as a mass transfer characterization platform