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Background: According to the World Health Organization, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is considered a major global public health problem. The genetic background may be a crucial etiologic factor in HBV infection and its complications. Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is a newly discovered cytokine encoded by 2 genes (EBI3 and p28). Mutations in the IL-27 gene may lead to altered cytokine production and/or activity and thus modulate individual’s susceptibility to HVB infection.Aim of the study: This work was designed to study the association of IL-27p28 (−964A/G, 2905T/G and 4730T/C) gene promoter single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with the risk of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Egyptians. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first one that examines IL-27p28 promoter polymorphism in Egyptian patients.Subjects and methods: One hundred and sixteen patients with HBV infection and 101 healthy controls were genotyped by using polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP) in Egyptian population.Results: There were no significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies of IL-27p28 gene polymorphisms between patients and controls. Furthermore, no association was found between the distributions of the haplotypes and HBV risk.Conclusion: Our data suggested that polymorphisms in the IL-27 gene may not contribute to HBV susceptibility. Further studies with large sample size should be conducted to validate these results in Egyptian population

Association of Interleukin 27 gene polymorphism and risk of Hepatitis B viral infection in Egyptian population