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Surfaces of natural diamonds etched in high-pressure experiments in H2O, CO2and H2O-NaCl fluids were investigated using Atomic Force Microscopy. Partialdissolution of the crystals produced several types of surface featuresincluding the well-known trigons and hillocks and revealed several new types ofdefects. Besides well-known trigons and dissolution hillocks several new typesof defects are observed. The most remarkable ones are assigned to anelastictwins of several types. The observation of abundant microtwins, ordering ofhillocks and presence of defects presumably related to knots of brancheddislocations suggests importance of post-growth deformation events on formationof diamond microstructure. This work confirms previous reports of ordering ofextended defects in some deformed diamonds. In addition, the current work showsthat natural diamonds deform not only by dislocation mechanism and slip, butalso but mechanical twinning. The dominant mechanism should depend onpressure-temperature-stress conditions during diamond transport from theformation domain to the Earth surface.

Extended defects in natural diamonds: Atomic Force Microscopy investigation