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Based on the idea that the components of a cosmological metric may bedetermined by the total gravitational potential of the universe, the scalarfield $\phi=1/G$ in the Jordan-Brans-Dicke (JBD) theory is introduced asevolving with the inverse square of the scale factor. Since the gravitationalpotential is related to the field $\phi$ resulting from Mach's principle anddepends on time due to the expansion of space, the temporal evolution of thefield should be in accord with the evolution of time and space intervals in themetric tensor. For the same reason, the time dependence of the field makesthese comoving intervals relative for different points on the time axis. Thus,it is shown that introduction of the cosmic gravitational potential as a timedependent scalar field proportional to $1/a^2$ may resolve the flatness, thehorizon and the late-time accelerating expansion problems of the standard modelof cosmology. The luminosity distance vs redshift data of Type Ia supernovae isin agreement with this approach.

A New Approach to Flatness, Horizon and Late-time Accelerating Expansion Problems on the basis of Mach Principle