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In this paper, we present a scheme to investigate the opacity of the Universein a cosmological-model-independent way, with the combination of current andfuture available data in gravitational wave (GW) and electromagnetic (EM)domain. In the FLRW metric, GWs propagate freely through a perfect fluidwithout any absorption and dissipation, which provides a distance measurementunaffected by the cosmic opacity. Focusing on the simulated data ofgravitational waves from the third-generation gravitational wave detector (theEinstein Telescope, ET), as well as the newly-compiled SNe Ia data (JLA andPantheon sample), we find an almost transparent universe is strongly favored atmuch higher redshifts ($z\sim 2.26$). Our results suggest that, although thetests of cosmic opacity are not significantly sensitive to its parametrization,a strong degeneracy between the cosmic opacity parameter and the absolute\textit{B}-band magnitude of SNe Ia is revealed in this analysis. Moreimportantly, we obtain that future measurements of the luminosity distances ofgravitational waves sources will be much more competitive than the currentanalyses, which makes it expectable more vigorous and convincing constraints onthe cosmic opacity (and consequently on background physical mechanisms) and adeeper understanding of the intrinsic properties of type Ia supernovae in acosmological-model-independent way.

Cosmic opacity: cosmological-model-independent tests from gravitational waves and Type Ia Supernova