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Strategies and recommendations for performing skeletal reductions ofmulticomponent surrogate fuels are presented, through the generation andvalidation of skeletal mechanisms for a three-component toluene reference fuel.Using the directed relation graph with error propagation and sensitivityanalysis method followed by a further unimportant reaction elimination stage,skeletal mechanisms valid over comprehensive and high-temperature ranges ofconditions were developed at varying levels of detail. These skeletalmechanisms were generated based on autoignition simulations, and validationusing ignition delay predictions showed good agreement with the detailedmechanism in the target range of conditions. When validated using phenomenaother than autoignition, such as perfectly stirred reactor and laminar flamepropagation, tight error control or more restrictions on the reduction duringthe sensitivity analysis stage were needed to ensure good agreement. Inaddition, tight error limits were needed for close prediction of ignition delaywhen varying the mixture composition away from that used for the reduction. Inhomogeneous compression-ignition engine simulations, the skeletal mechanismsclosely matched the point of ignition and accurately predicted species profilesfor lean to stoichiometric conditions. Furthermore, the efficacy of generatinga multicomponent skeletal mechanism was compared to combining skeletalmechanisms produced separately for neat fuel components; using the same errorlimits, the latter resulted in a larger skeletal mechanism size that alsolacked important cross reactions between fuel components. Based on the presentresults, general guidelines for reducing detailed mechanisms for multicomponentfuels are discussed.

Mechanism reduction for multicomponent surrogates: a case study using toluene reference fuels