English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Open

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Insights

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Zendy Tools

Zendy Plus

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Uncompensated charges do not occur in Nature and any local charge should be aresult of charge separation. Dissociable chemical groups at interfaces incontact with ions in solution, whose chemical equilibrium depends both onshort-range non-electrostatic and long-range electrostatic interactions, arethe physical basis of this charge separation, known as charge regulationphenomena. The charged groups can be either fixed and immobile, as in the caseof solvent-exposed solid substrate and soft bounding surfaces, (e.g.,molecularly smooth mica surfaces and soft phospholipid membranes), or free andmobile, as in the case of charged macro-ions, (e.g., protein or otherbiomolecules). Here, we review the mean-field formalism used to describe bothcases, with a focus on recent advances in the modeling of mobilecharge-regulated macro-ions in an ionic solution. The general form of thescreening length in such a solution is derived, and is shown to combine theconcept of intrinsic capacitance, introduced by Lund and J\"{o}nsson, and bulkcapacitance, resulting from the mobility of small ions and macro-ions. Theadvantages and disadvantages of different formulations, such as the cell modelvs. the collective approach, are discussed, along with several suggestions forfuture experiments and modeling.

Charge Regulation with Fixed and Mobile Charges