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Hantaviruses cause a significant number of human illnesses, making them a global public health threat. Approximately 150,000–200,000 patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) are hospitalized each year throughout the world. On average, approximately 200 cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) per year are reported in the Americas, and although the number of cases is much smaller in number than that of HFRS, its average case fatality is about 40%.1 Hantaviruses are a large group of RNA viruses that belong to the family Bunyaviridae. Reservoirs for pathogenic hantaviruses are specific rodent species, suggesting a long history of virus rodent coevolution. Humans are accidental hosts; rodents are generally asymptomatic and may excrete the virus in their urine, saliva, and feces for months.2 HPS is caused by any of at least 25 hantavirus genotypes distributed throughout the Americas. All hantaviruses that cause HPS are hosted by rodents of the family Cricetidae. In general, each hantavirus is associated with a different rodent species or subspecies. However, antigenically and genetically distinct hantaviruses have been recently described from shrews, moles and bats.3 HPS is documented in several countries that border Colombia; however, only one HPS case has been reported in the nation, specifically during 2013, in Cordoba Department in the northwestern part of the country.4 With the aim of exploring hantavirus infection in other regions of Colombia a laboratory survey was designed enrolling patients with febrile syndromes from the municipalities of Meta Department, in the eastern area (Orinoquia region) of Colombia. Meta is characterized by savannahs and partially covered by dense tropical forest vegetation. Cattle raising and agriculture are among the main sources of employment. Domestic and peridomestic habitats are characterized by poor sanitation and rodents are common. People enrolled in this study included those attending two hospitals in Meta from May 2013 to June 2014 with a documented temperature ≥38 C for a maximum of seven

First serological evidence of hantavirus infection in humans from the Orinoquia region of Colombia