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We have studied the distribution patterns of lateral density, arrival timeand angular position of Cherenkov photons generated in Extensive Air Showers(EASs) initiated by $\gamma$-ray, proton and iron primaries incident withvarious energies and at various zenith angles. This study is the extension ofour earlier work \cite{Hazarika} to cover a wide energy range of ground based$\gamma$-ray astronomy with a wide range of zenith angles ($\le 40^\circ$) ofprimary particles, as well as the extension to study the angular distributionpatterns of Cherenkov photons in EASs. This type of study is important fordistinguishing the $\gamma$-ray initiated showers from the hadronic showers inthe ground based $\gamma$-ray astronomy, where Atmospheric Cherenkov Technique(ACT) is being used. Importantly, such study gives an insight on the nature of$\gamma$-ray and hadronic showers in general. In this work, the CORSIKA 6.990simulation code is used for generation of EASs. Similarly to the case ofRef.\cite{Hazarika}, this study also revealed that, the lateral density andarrival time distributions of Cherenkov photons vary almost in accordance withthe functions: $\rho_{ch}(r) = \rho_{0}\;e^{-\beta r}$ and $t_{ch}(r) =t_{0}e^{\Gamma/r^{\lambda}}$ respectively by taking different values of theparameters of functions for the type, energy and zenith angle of the primaryparticle. The distribution of Cherenkov photon's angular positions with respectto shower axis shows distinctive features depending on the primary type, itsenergy and the zenith angle.

astroparticle physics

A simulation study on few parameters of Cherenkov photons in extensive  air showers of different primaries incident at various zenith angles over a  high altitude observation level