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We have developed a non-sequential ray-tracing simulation library, ROOT-basedsimulator for ray tracing (ROBAST), which is aimed to be widely used in opticalsimulations of cosmic-ray (CR) and gamma-ray telescopes. The library is writtenin C++, and fully utilizes the geometry library of the ROOT framework. Despitethe importance of optics simulations in CR experiments, no open-source softwarefor ray-tracing simulations that can be widely used in the community hasexisted. To reduce the dispensable effort needed to develop multipleray-tracing simulators by different research groups, we have successfully usedROBAST for many years to perform optics simulations for the Cherenkov TelescopeArray (CTA). Among the six proposed telescope designs for CTA, ROBAST iscurrently used for three telescopes: a Schwarzschild-Couder (SC) medium-sizedtelescope, one of SC small-sized telescopes, and a large-sized telescope (LST).ROBAST is also used for the simulation and development of hexagonal lightconcentrators proposed for the LST focal plane. Making full use of the ROOTgeometry library with additional ROBAST classes, we are able to build thecomplex optics geometries typically used in CR experiments and ground-basedgamma-ray telescopes. We introduce ROBAST and its features developed for CRexperiments, and show several successful applications for CTA.

ROBAST: Development of a ROOT-Based Ray-Tracing Library for Cosmic-Ray Telescopes and its Applications in the Cherenkov Telescope Array