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The aim of this article is to present a comprehensive methodology for theverification of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solvers with a specialattention to aspects pertinent to discretizations with orders of accuracy(OOAs) higher than two. The method of manufactured solutions (MMS) is adoptedand a series of manufactured solutions (MSs) is introduced that examinesvarious components of CFD solvers for free flows (not bounded by walls),including inviscid, laminar and turbulent problems when the latter are modelledby the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. The treatment ofcurved elements is also examined. These MSs are furthermore conceived withdemonstrated suitability for the verification of OOAs up to the sixth. Each MSis as well utilized to discuss salient aspects useful to the code verificationmethodology such as the relative qualities of the most useful norms inmeasuring the discretization error, the sensitivity analysis of theverification process to forcing function terms, the relation between residualminimization and discretization error convergence in iterative solutions andfinally the sensitivity of high-order discretizations to grid stretching andself-similarity. Furthermore, scripts and code are provided as accompanyingmaterial to assist the interested reader in reproducing the verificationresults of each manufactured solution (MS).

A comprehensive high-order solver verification methodology for free fluid flows