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The study of secondary particles produced by the cosmic-ray interaction inthe Earth's atmosphere is very crucial as these particles mainly constitute thebackground counts produced in the high-energy detectors at balloon andsatellite altitudes. In the present work, we calculate the abundance ofcosmic-ray generated secondary particles at various heights of the atmosphereby means of a Monte Carlo simulation and use this result to understand thebackground counts in our X-ray observations using balloon-borne instrumentsoperating near the tropical latitude (geomagnetic latitude: $\sim14.50^{\circ}$ N). For this purpose, we consider a 3D description of theatmospheric and geomagnetic field configurations surrounding the Earth, as wellas the electromagnetic and nuclear interaction processes using Geant4simulation toolkit. Subsequently, we use a realistic mass model description ofthe detector under consideration, to simulate the counts produced in thedetector due to secondary cosmic-ray particles.

advances in space research

Simulation of Cosmic Rays in the Earth's Atmosphere and Interpretation  of Observed Counts in an X-ray Detector at Balloon Altitude Near Tropical  Region