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The balloon-borne very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) experiment is atechnical feasibility study for performing radio interferometry in thestratosphere. The flight model has been developed. A balloon-borne VLBI stationwill be launched to establish interferometric fringes with ground-based VLBIstations distributed over the Japanese islands at an observing frequency ofapproximately 20 GHz as the first step. This paper describes the system designand development of a series of observing instruments and bus systems. Inaddition to the advantages of avoiding the atmospheric effects of absorptionand fluctuation in high frequency radio observation, the mobility of a stationcan improve the sampling coverage (`uv-coverage') by increasing the number ofbaselines by the number of ground-based counterparts for each observation day.This benefit cannot be obtained with conventional arrays that solely compriseground-based stations. The balloon-borne VLBI can contribute to a futureprogress of research fields such as black holes by direct imaging.

A Balloon-Borne Very Long Baseline Interferometry Experiment in the Stratosphere: Systems Design and Developments