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Structural changes in Ti1-xAlxN coated tool inserts used for turning in 316Lstainless steel were investigated by XANES, EXAFS, EDS, and STEM. Forcoarse-grained fcc-structured Ti1-xAlxN coatings, with 0 \leq x \leq 0.62, theXANES spectrum changes with Al-content. XANES Ti 1s line-scans across the rakeface of the worn samples reveals that TiN-enriched domains have formed duringturning in Ti0.47Al0.53N and Ti0.38Al0.62N samples as a result of spinodaldecomposition. The XANES spectra reveal the locations on the tool in which themost TiN-rich domains have formed, indicating which part of the tool-chipcontact area that experienced the highest temperature during turning. Changesin the pre-edge features in the XANES spectra reveal that structural changesoccur also in the w-TiAlN phase in fine-grained Ti0.38Al0.62N during turning.EDS shows that Cr and Fe from the steel adhere to the tool rake face duringmachining. Cr 1s and Fe 1s XANES show that Cr is oxidized in the end of thecontact length while the adhered Fe retains in the same fcc-structure as thatof the 316L stainless steel.

Structural changes in Ti1-xAlxN coatings during turning: A XANES and EXAFS study of worn tools