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The use of levamisole in the management of nephrotic syndrome started soon after the authorisation of steroid therapy. It is an antihelminthic agent with immunomodulatory properties that are not well understood, and without immunosuppressive effects, unlike the rest of the drugs used in these patients. On the other hand, it is the least toxic and least expensive drug. In 2004, it was withdrawn from commercial markets due to the lack of clear indications and its infrequent use in humans. It has proven effective in some patients with steroid-dependent primary nephrotic syndrome as a steroid-sparing agent. We conducted a retrospective descriptive study on the population of patients with nephrotic syndrome and highdose steroid dependency given levamisole at the paediatric nephrology unit of our hospital between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2017. Of the 104 cases of nephrotic syndrome we reviewed, we excluded 38% due to missing data. Levamisole was given to patients with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome treated with high-dose prednisone (> 0.5 mg/kg/48 h). In some cases, this followed treatment with oral cyclophosphamide and in others it preceded administration of cyclophosphamide (second step treatment). A histopathological examination was not performed, as this diagnostic test is performed prior to initiation of the third step of treatment. We classified patient response to levamisole into 2 categories: ‘‘complete’’ when patients experienced no recurrences over at least 2 years of treatment, and ‘‘partial’’ when patients experienced 2 or fewer

Levamisol en el tratamiento del síndrome nefrótico