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In order to obtain modulated-martensite in our epitaxial Ni-Mn-Ga films, wehave tuned the composition by using a co-sputtering process. Here we presenthow the composition affects the variant distribution of the 14-modulatedmartensite at room temperature. The nature of such modulated-martensites isstill strongly debated for magnetic shape memory alloys. It has been veryrecently demonstrated that the modulated-martensites in Ni-Mn-Ga are adaptivephases. The results presented here corroborate this theory for the first time,for three different compositions. Moreover, we demonstrate with the help of theadaptive modulations theory that b-variants of the 14-modulated martensite formclose to the free-surface of the film to release the stress induced bybranching of macro-twinned domains during the martensitic transformation on arigid substrate. At room temperature, the content of such b-variants is foundto strongly decrease when the macro-twinned domain sizes increase.

Tuning macro-twinned domain sizes and the b-variants content of the adaptive 14-modulated martensite in epitaxial Ni-Mn-Ga films by co-sputtering