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Misinformation under the form of rumor, hoaxes, and conspiracy theoriesspreads on social media at alarming rates. One hypothesis is that, since socialmedia are shaped by homophily, belief in misinformation may be more likely tothrive on those social circles that are segregated from the rest of thenetwork. One possible antidote is fact checking which, in some cases, is knownto stop rumors from spreading further. However, fact checking may also backfireand reinforce the belief in a hoax. Here we take into account the combinationof network segregation, finite memory and attention, and fact-checking efforts.We consider a compartmental model of two interacting epidemic processes over anetwork that is segregated between gullible and skeptic users. Extensivesimulation and mean-field analysis show that a more segregated networkfacilitates the spread of a hoax only at low forgetting rates, but has noeffect when agents forget at faster rates. This finding may inform thedevelopment of mitigation techniques and overall inform on the risks ofuncontrolled misinformation online.

Network segregation in a model of misinformation and fact checking