English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Carbon spheres (CSs) have attracted great attention given their wide applications in bio-diagnostics, photonic band-gap crystals and drug delivery, etc. The morphology and size of CSs greatly affect their performances and applications. Herein, we report a green and catalyst-free hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) method to synthesize CSs with glucose as carbon precursor. The diameter of CSs can be tuned within a wide range from 450 to  40 nm  by controlling the glucose concentration, reaction time and temperature. Using the obtained CSs as template, hollow TiO 2  nanospheres (HTNSs) with controllable diameters are prepared  via  a sol-gel method. As photocatalysts for hydrogen generation, the photoactivity of the HTNSs shows strong dependence upon size, and is much higher than that of solid TiO 2 . With particle size decreasing, the photoactivity of the obtained HTNSs gradually increases. Without any co-catalyst, the highest photocatalytic hydrogen generation activity is obtained with HTNSs of  40 nm  in diameter, which exceeds that of solid TiO 2  and commercial P25 by 64 times and 3 times, respectively.

A simple green approach to synthesis of sub-100 nm carbon spheres as template for TiO2 hollow nanospheres with enhanced photocatalytic activities