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Copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) nanoparticle are added to water as a base fluid to study the effects of velocity and temperature slip on the flow between converging and diverging channels. A similarity transform has been employed to reduce the nonlinear partial differential equations to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations which is then solved by using two analytical schemes variational iteration and variation of parameters methods. For the sake of comparison, a numerical solution using fourth order Runge–Kutta method (RK-4) is also presented. Effects of velocity slip, temperature jump and the other parameters on the flow are discussed and demonstrated graphically. Comparison with already existing results in literature shows the efficiency of the method used.

A Study of Velocity and Temperature Slip Effects on Flow of Water Based Nanofluids in Converging and Diverging Channels