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Petroleum oil contaminants have become severe ecological problems and negatively impact human health. It is, therefore, imperative to identify environmentally friendly approaches to remediate oil-polluted environments. Therefore, bacterial oil degradation stimulated with a nitrogen source under optimum conditions was assessed in this study. Based on the  16S rRNA  analysis, strain ODB H32 recovered from oil-based mud of some petroleum drilling sites in the western desert, Egypt, was identified as  Enterobacter hormaechei . The metabolic fingerprint of  E. hormaechei,  achieved using BIOLOG GEN III, revealed that the strain could utilize diverse carbon and chemical sources. Also,  E. hormaechei  could biodegrade 0.6% of oil under optimized pH (7.0) and temperature (30 °C) conditions. Analyzing different nitrogen stimulants revealed that peptone ˃ yeast extract ˃ ammonium nitrate ˃ urea enhanced the growth of  E. hormaechei  on mineral salts medium (MSM). Analysis by capillary gas chromatography revealed maximum (70.7%) degradation of peptone by  E. hormaechei,  indicating that peptone was a good biostimulant for oil degradation. These findings recommend using biostimulated  E. hormaechei  as an eco-friendly approach for remediating oil-polluted environments, under optimized conditions, especially in arid regions like the western desert of Egypt.

Eco-friendly bioremediation approach for crude oil-polluted soils using a novel and biostimulated Enterobacter hormaechei ODB H32 strain