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We examine whether a panel of 37 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has the same power as a more expensive panel of 95 SNPs to assign ancestry of honeybees (Apis mellifera) to three ancestral lineages. We selected SNPs using allele frequencies, such that poorly performing SNPs were excluded. We find that ancestry assignment is comparable between the two panels. Importation of bee semen from countries where Africanized bees are present into countries where Africanized bees are absent would be facilitated if small proportions of semen derived from Africanized drones can be reliably detected. We used the abbreviated panel to determine if semen from a single Africanized drone could be detected when mixed with the semen of 10, 20 or 40 non-Africanized drones. We found that the use of the 37 SNP test on a mixed sample would fail to detect the contribution of a single Africanized male. It is therefore important that the cadavers of the males contributing semen are individually tested.

An abbreviated SNP panel for ancestry assignment of honeybees (Apis mellifera)