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Carbon dioxide has been successfully applied worldwide as an enhanced oil recovery process. Several important factors still have not been studied thoroughly. Therefore, this experimental study was carried out to investigate the variations in petrophysical reservoir rock properties of oil heterogeneous low permeability carbonate reservoirs. The main objectives of this experimental study are to investigate the effects of CO2 injection in tight limestone reservoir rocks on porosity, absolute and relative permeability, oil–water interfacial tension (IFT), reflective index, and reservoir water shielding phenomenon. Actual rock and fluid samples from an oil field in Abu Dhabi, UAE, are used to conduct this study at similar reservoir conditions of 4,000 psia and 250 °F. Oil recovery, permeability, porosity, and relative permeability were measured before and after the supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) flood to examine the effects of SC-CO2 flood on the variation in different oil and rock properties of tight composite limestone reservoir rocks. Detailed compositional analysis of initial and produced oil samples of core flood experiments were analyzed using gas chromatography to assess the mechanism of CO2 improved oil recovery. The results indicated that the application of SC-CO2 flooding under secondary and tertiary modes reduces porosity and permeability, alters relative permeability to a more water-wet condition, and reduces the oil/water IFT as a function of pore volume injected. Furthermore, the extracted components of the crude oil were also proven to be a function of injected CO2 pore volume. The applications of the attained results of this study provide much better understanding of different variation occurring in oil reservoirs under SC-CO2 injection and can be used effectively to validate and improve numerical simulation studies.

journal of petroleum exploration and production technology

Experimental investigations of variations in petrophysical rock properties due to carbon dioxide flooding in oil heterogeneous low permeability carbonate reservoirs