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A numerical study of laminar flow through symmetric and slightly asymmetricsudden expansion, of expansion ratio 1:3, in channels with increasing crosssection, is carried out using two different approaches - Conventional CFD andLattice Boltzmann Method. The effect of divergence of walls of the channel,after a sudden expansion, on the symmetry of flow and recirculation is studiedfor various Reynolds numbers. It is seen that the angles of the walls play anactive role in disrupting the symmetry of flow. For non-parallel walls, thesymmetry breaking bifurcation phenomenon no longer exists and the loss ofsymmetry is a gradual process. The effect of asymmetry of geometry on flow isalso studied by considering two types of asymmetry - First type is at the planeof expansion where the steps on either side are of unequal heights, while thesecond one deals the walls of the channel are at a different inclination withthe direction of inflow. The present study reveals that small asymmetry impedesthe sharp transition and thus smoothens the pitchfork bifurcation. Increasedasymmetry finally leads to the unique solution of the governing Equations,indicating complete loss of bifurcation pattern.

Numerical Study of Bifurcating Flow through Sudden Expansions: Effect of divergence and geometric asymmetry