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In order to investigate the salt tolerance mechanism in Egyptian lentils, five cultivars were grown under different salinity levels. The results indicated that Giza 9 is salt-tolerant, while Giza 4 is a salt-sensitive lentil cultivar, as Giza 9 showed the highest germination percentage and relative water content, the lowest decline in root and shoot length, and the highest proline content. Relative gene expression of ADH , CYS3 , APX , SOD , and GR was significantly upregulated in Giza 9 roots after 24 h of high salt treatment (250 mM), while CAT transcripts level was non-significantly reduced (0.5-fold) relative to control. However, in Giza 4, only CAT gene was significantly upregulated in both root (2.3-fold) and shoot (8.5-fold) tissues. Investigation of ascorbate-glutathione enzymatic activities revealed significantly higher ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities in Giza 9 roots compared to its shoots. Moreover, endogenous reduced glutathione (GSH) content as well as reduced ascorbate content were significantly high in the roots of Giza 9 compared to Giza 4. These results strongly indicate the involvement of ascorbate-glutathione cycle in the tolerance mechanism of Giza 9. Furthermore, exogenous application of 350 μM of GSH assisted Giza 4 seedlings to tolerate salinity stress. As far as we know, this is the first work reporting the involvement of ascorbate-glutathione cycle in salt tolerance of lentil.

Ascorbate–glutathione cycle confers salt tolerance in Egyptian lentil cultivars