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Micronutrient research typically focuses on analyzing the effects of single or a few nutrients on health by analyzing a limited number of biomarkers. the observational study described here analyzed micronutrients, plasma proteins, dietary intakes, and genotype using a systems approach. Participants attended a community-based summer day program for 6-14 year old in 2 years. Genetic makeup, blood metabolite and protein levels, and dietary differences were measured in each individual. Twenty-four-hour dietary intakes, eight micronutrients (vitamins A, D, E, thiamin, folic acid, riboflavin, pyridoxal, and pyridoxine) and 3 one-carbon metabolites [homocysteine (Hcy), S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH)], and 1,129 plasma proteins were analyzed as a function of diet at metabolite level, plasma protein level, age, and sex. Cluster analysis identified two groups differing in SAM/SAH and differing in dietary intake patterns indicating that SAM/SAH was a potential marker of nutritional status. the approach used to analyze genetic association with the SAM/SAH metabolites is called middle-out: SNPs in 275 genes involved in the one-carbon pathway (folate, pyridoxal/pyridoxine, thiamin) or were correlated with SAM/SAH (vitamin A, E, Hcy) were analyzed instead of the entire 1M SNP data set. This procedure identified 46 SNPs in 25 genes associated with SAM/SAH demonstrating a genetic contribution to the methylation potential. Individual plasma metabolites correlated with 99 plasma proteins. Fourteen proteins correlated with body mass index, 49 with group age, and 30 with sex. the analytical strategy described here identified subgroups for targeted nutritional interventions.Division of Personalized Nutrition and Medicine at the U.S. FDA National Center for Toxicological Research (Jefferson AR)USDA Agricultural Research Service Delta Obesity Prevention Research Unit (Little Rock, AR)Nestle Institute of Health Sciences (Lausanne, Switzerland)Univ São Paulo, Fac Nutr & Metab, Fac Med, Dept Pediat, Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilUS FDA, Div Personalized Nutr & Med, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR USAUniv Trento, Dept Math, Trento, ItalyUniv Trento, Microsoft Res, Ctr Computat & Syst Biol COSBI, Rovereto, ItalyUS FDA, Div Syst Biol, NCTR, Jefferson, AR USAARS, Delta Obes Prevent Res Unit, USDA, Little Rock, AR USAPennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USABoys Girls Adults Community Dev Ctr & Phillips Ct, Marvell, AR USAWashington & Lee Univ, Shepherd Program Interdisciplinary Study Poverty, Lexington, VA 24450 USADrexel Univ, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USAEmory Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USANestle Inst Hlth Sci, Syst Nutr & Hlth Unit, CH-1015 Lausanne, SwitzerlandWeb of Scienc

Methylation potential associated with diet, genotype, protein, and metabolite levels in the Delta Obesity Vitamin Study